Scaffolded notes
Build the idea
Wind belts have prevailing directions
Near the surface, trade winds occur in the tropics, westerlies dominate much of the midlatitudes, and polar easterlies occur closer to the poles. These names describe the direction winds usually come from, not an unchanging daily wind.
Rising and sinking zones affect rainfall
Persistent rising air near the equator cools and condenses, supporting frequent clouds and precipitation. Sinking air near about 30 degrees latitude warms and dries, contributing to many desert regions. Other rising and sinking zones occur near 60 degrees and the poles.
North Carolina lies in the westerlies
Midlatitude systems across the United States often move generally west to east, influenced by prevailing westerlies and the jet stream. Local terrain, fronts, and pressure systems still control the weather experienced on a specific day.
Stop and explain
Check your thinking
1. Which wind belt influences North Carolina most?
Possible response: The midlatitude westerlies.
2. Why are many deserts near 30 degrees latitude?
Possible response: Air commonly sinks, warms, and becomes relatively drier there.
Interactive challenge
Try the science
Match each belt or zone to its location or behavior.
Before you leave
Exit ticket
How can sinking air discourage cloud formation?