Scaffolded notes
Build the idea
Causes connect across scales
Solar-energy differences change surface temperature. Surface temperature affects nearby air-particle motion and density. Density and pressure differences create convection and wind. Rotation deflects large-scale motion, helping organize global wind belts and jet streams.
Models need directional links
A connected model uses arrows and cause-and-effect language: because, therefore, increases, decreases, rises, sinks, and deflects. Each arrow should be explainable. Avoid linking terms only because they appeared in the same chapter.
Predictions test a model
If a surface temperature contrast becomes larger, a model may predict a stronger pressure gradient or circulation. Evidence can support, refine, or challenge the prediction. A model is revised when evidence does not fit.
Stop and explain
Check your thinking
1. Where does the energy driving most atmospheric circulation originate?
Possible response: The Sun.
2. What role does Earth rotation play?
Possible response: It deflects large-scale moving air and helps organize wind patterns.
Interactive challenge
Try the science
Arrange the causal chain from energy source to large-scale pattern.
- Global winds shaped by rotation
- Convection and pressure-driven wind
- Temperature and density differences
- Unequal solar heating
Before you leave
Exit ticket
Write one four-step cause-and-effect chain from sunlight to wind.