Scaffolded notes
Build the idea
Adding energy spreads particles
Melting, vaporization, and sublimation require water to absorb energy from the surroundings. Particle motion increases and attractions are overcome. Evaporation is vaporization from a liquid surface and can occur below the boiling point.
Removing energy brings particles together
Condensation, freezing, and deposition occur when water releases energy to the surroundings. Gas particles slow and form liquid droplets during condensation. Liquid particles organize into a solid during freezing.
Phase changes shape weather
Evaporation transfers water and energy into the atmosphere. Condensation forms cloud droplets and releases energy that can strengthen rising air. Freezing and melting influence precipitation type and surface conditions.
Stop and explain
Check your thinking
1. Does condensation absorb or release energy?
Possible response: It releases energy to the surroundings.
2. Why can evaporation cool a surface?
Possible response: The highest-energy liquid particles escape, taking energy with them.
Interactive challenge
Try the science
Match each phase change to its energy direction.
Before you leave
Exit ticket
Name one energy-absorbing and one energy-releasing phase change.